Estd.1951
INSTI TUTE OF COST AND MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTANTS OF PAKISTAN
Educat ion Department
ACADEMIC CALENDAR FOR (SPRING ñ 2013) SESSION
ADMI SSIONS/REGISTRATION Dates
Last date for Admi ssi i on i i n Coachi i ng Cl l asses
Last date for Admi ssi i on i i n Di i stance l l earni i ng Program (DLP)
Last Date for Submi i ssi i on of Fi i nanci i al l Assi i stance Appl l i i cations
Last Date for Submi i ssi i on of Exempti i on Appl l i cation Forms
Apri i l 06, 2013
Wi i thi i n two weeks from the date
of announcement of Exami i nati i on
Resul l t of Fal l l l -2012 sessi i on
Apri i l 06, 2013
ACADEMIC PROCEEDINGS
Student/Facul l ty Ori i entati i on
Commencement of Cl l asses for Fresh Students
Commencement of Cl l asses for Exi i sti i ng Students
Compl l eti i on of Cl l asses
Submi i ssi i on of 100% Assi i gnments
Li i st of Di i sa l l l l owed Students (to be di i spl l ayed on noti i ce boards)
March 11, 2013
March 11, 2013
Apri i l 08, 2013
Jul l y 14, 2013
Jul l y 20, 2013
Jul l y 21, 2013
EXAMINATION
Submi i ssi i on of Exami i nati i on Forms (wi i th normal l fee)
Submi i ssi i on of Exami i nati i on Forms (wi i th 100% l l ate fee)
Submi i ssi i on of Exami i nati i on Forms (wi i th 200% l l ate fee)
Exami i nati i on
June 01 to 20, 2013
June 21 to 30, 2013
Jul y 01 to 15, 2013
August 26 to September 05, 2013
OTHER ACTIVITIES FOR CMA PROGRAM
Last Date for Regi i strati i on i i n Refresher Course
Commencement of Cl l asses for Refresher Course
Submi i ssi i on of Practi i cal l Trai i n i i ng Programme Forms & Fee
Commencement of Cl l ass for Practi cal l Trai i ni i ng Programme
On recommenda ti i on of
Regi i onal l Di i rectors subject
to approval l of Education
Department
Note: Dates are tentati ve, may be rev i sed.
Imran Ahmed Karatel a
Di i rector Educati i on
Latest notes by SIR Muhammad Suleman Saleem
Control Objectives for Information and related Technology (COBIT®)
- IT governance is the responsibility of executives and the board of directors, and consists of the leadership, organizational structures and processes that ensure that the enterprise’s IT sustains and extends the organization’s strategies and objectives.
- Furthermore, IT governance integrates and institutionalizes good practices to ensure that the enterprise’s IT supports the business objectives. IT governance enables the enterprise to take full advantage of its information, thereby maximizing benefits, capitalizing on opportunities and gaining competitive advantage.
- Control Objectives for Information and related Technology (COBIT®) provides good practices across a domain and process framework and presents activities in a manageable and logical structure. COBIT’s good practices represent the consensus of experts. They are strongly focused more on control, less on execution. These practices will help in optimizing IT-enabled investments, ensure service delivery and provide a measure against which to judge when things do go wrong.
- For IT to be successful in delivering against business requirements, management should put an internal control system or framework in place. The COBIT control framework contributes to these needs by:
a. Making a link to the business requirements
b. Organizing IT activities into a generally accepted process model
c. Identifying the major IT resources to be leveraged
d. Defining the management control objectives to be considered
· Thus, COBIT supports IT governance by providing a framework to ensure that:
a. IT is aligned with the business
b. IT enables the business and maximizes benefits
c. IT resources are used responsibly
d. IT risks are managed appropriately
· The benefits of implementing COBIT as a governance framework over IT include:
· Better alignment, based on a business focus
· A view, understandable to management, of what IT does
· Clear ownership and responsibilities, based on process orientation
· General acceptability with third parties and regulators
· Shared understanding amongst all stakeholders, based on a common language
· Fulfillment of the COSO requirements for the IT control environment
· To govern IT effectively, it is important to appreciate the activities and risks within IT that need to be managed. They are usually ordered into the responsibility domains of plan, build, run and monitor. Within the COBIT framework, these domains, as shown in figure 8, are called:
· Plan and Organize (PO)—Provides direction to solution delivery (AI) and service delivery (DS)
· Acquire and Implement (AI) — provides the solutions and passes them to be turned into services
· Deliver and Support (DS)—receives the solutions and makes them usable for end users
· Monitor and Evaluate (ME)—monitors all processes to ensure that the direction provided is followed
PLAN AND ORGANISE (PO)
This domain covers strategy and tactics, and concerns the identification of the way IT can best contribute to the achievement of the business objectives. The realization of the strategic vision needs to be planned, communicated and managed for different perspectives. A proper organization as well as technological infrastructure should be put in place. This domain typically addresses the following management questions:
a. Are IT and the business strategy aligned?
b. Is the enterprise achieving optimum use of its resources?
c. Does everyone in the organization understand the IT objectives?
d. Are IT risks understood and being managed?
e. Is the quality of IT systems appropriate for business needs?
ACQUIRE AND IMPLEMENT (AI)
To realize the IT strategy, IT solutions need to be identified, developed or acquired, as well as implemented and integrated into the business process. In addition, changes in and maintenance of existing systems are covered by this domain to make sure the solutions continue to meet business objectives. This domain typically addresses the following management questions:
a. Are new projects likely to deliver solutions that meet business needs?
b. Are new projects likely to be delivered on time and within budget?
c. Will the new systems work properly when implemented?
d. Will changes be made without upsetting current business operations?
DELIVER AND SUPPORT (DS)
This domain is concerned with the actual delivery of required services, which includes service delivery, management of security and continuity, service support for users, and management of data and operational facilities. It typically addresses the following management questions:
a. Are IT services being delivered in line with business priorities?
b. Is IT costs optimized?
c. Is the workforce able to use the IT systems productively and safely?
d. Are adequate confidentiality, integrity and availability in place for information security?
MONITOR AND EVALUATE (ME)
All IT processes need to be regularly assessed over time for their quality and compliance with control requirements. This domain addresses performance management, monitoring of internal control, regulatory compliance and governance. It typically addresses the following management questions:
a. Is IT’s performance measured to detect problems before it is too late?
b. Does management ensure that internal controls are effective and efficient?
c. Can IT performance be linked back to business goals?
d. Are adequate confidentiality, integrity and availability controls in place for information security?
e. Across these four domains, COBIT has identified 34 IT processes that are generally used.
f. While most enterprises have defined plan, build, run and monitor responsibilities for IT, and most have the same key processes, few will have the same process structure or apply all 34 COBIT processes. COBIT provides a complete list of processes that can be used to verify the completeness of activities and responsibilities; however, they need not all apply, and, even more, they can be combined as required by each enterprise. For each of these 34 processes, a link is made to the business and IT goals that are supported. Information on how the goals can be measured, what the key activities and major deliverables are, and who is responsible for them is also provided.
IT GOVERNANCE
- Strategic alignment focuses on ensuring the linkage of business and IT plans; defining, maintaining and validating the IT value proposition; and aligning IT operations with enterprise operations.
- Value delivery is about executing the value proposition throughout the delivery cycle, ensuring that IT delivers the promised benefits against the strategy, concentrating on optimizing costs and proving the intrinsic value of IT.
- Resource management is about the optimal investment in, and the proper management of, critical IT resources: applications, information, infrastructure and people. Key issues relate to the optimization of knowledge and infrastructure.
- Risk management requires risk awareness by senior corporate officers, a clear understanding of the enterprise’s appetite for risk, understanding of compliance requirements, transparency about the significant risks to the enterprise and embedding of risk management responsibilities into the organization.
- Performance measurement tracks and monitors strategy implementation, project completion, resource usage, process performance and service delivery, using, for example, balanced scorecards that translate strategy into action to achieve goals measurable beyond conventional accounting.
No:2
A control objective can be defined as a goal that ensures that some set of risks does not occur. Control objectives almost can be thought of as the inverse of a risk. If a risk is the potential that something bad can happen, then a control objective ensures that the risk does not materialize.
Corporate Governance
Corporate governance is the system by which businesses are directed and controlled. The rights and responsibilities of running the company start at the top of the organization. They are subsequently distributed and managed effectively by formal development and deployment as a structure that spells out the policies and procedures for making decisions and declaring the corporation’s directives in-line with the business culture and its mission and objectives. By doing this, a governance structure is established that results in the motivation of management and other persons who are deemed accountable to meet companies stated objectives, assuring that these objectives are attained through monitoring and incentive programs.
Auditing IT governance
Information security governance
Outcomes of security governance
- Strategic alignment – Align information security with business strategy to support business objectives
- Risk management – Manage & execute appropriate measures to mitigate risk and reduce potential impacts on information resources to an acceptably low level
- Value delivery – Optimize security investment in support of business objectives
- Resource management – Utilize information security knowledge and infrastructure efficiently and effectively
- Performance management – Measure, monitor and report on information security process to ensure that objectives are achieved
NO:3
COSO Framework Description
In 1992, the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO) developed a model for evaluating internal controls. This model has been adopted as the generally accepted framework for internal control and is widely recognized as the definitive standard against which organizations measure the effectiveness of their systems of internal control. The COSO model defines internal control as “a process, effected by an entity’s board of directors, management and other personnel, designed to provide reasonable assurance of the achievement of objectives in the following categories:· Effectiveness and efficiency of operations· Reliability of financial reporting· Compliance with applicable laws and regulations”
In an “effective” internal control system, the following five components work to support the achievement of an entity’s mission, strategies and related business objectives.- Control Environment
· Integrity and Ethical Values· Commitment to Competence· Board of Directors and Audit Committee· Management’s Philosophy and Operating Style· Organizational Structure· Assignment of Authority and Responsibility· Human Resource Policies and Procedures- Risk Assessment
- Company-wide Objectives
- Process-level Objectives
- Risk Identification and Analysis
- Managing Change
- Control Activities
- Policies and Procedures
- Security (Application and Network)
- Application Change Management
- Business Continuity / Backups
- Outsourcing
- Information and Communication
- Quality of Information
- Effectiveness of Communication
- Monitoring
- On-going Monitoring
- Separate Evaluations
- Reporting Deficiencies
These components work to establish the foundation for sound internal control within the company through directed leadership, shared values and a culture that emphasizes accountability for control. The various risks facing the company are identified and assessed routinely at all levels and within all functions in the organization. Control activities and other mechanisms are proactively designed to address and mitigate the significant risks. Information critical to identifying risks and meeting business objectives is communicated through established channels up, down and across the company. The entire system of internal control is monitored continuously and problems are addressed timely.
CMA ADMISSION 2012 Pakistan
Eligibility
Following candidates can take admission in CMA program:
1.CAM certificate holder
2.Holders of B.Com. degree.
3.Graduates in other disciplines.
4.An equivalent qualification approved by the National Council.
Admission Procedure
The minimum qualification required for enrolment in ICMAP’s Courses is Bachelor Degree or CAM study programme. Students are admitted twice a year – for Spring (Summer) Session in March and for Fall (Winter) Session in June. The students may opt studies through:
Coaching Classes,
Correspondence Course, or
Internet Based Distance Learning Programme (IBDLP)
Admission to a higher stage may be given, if a candidate gets exemptions in the subjects of lower stage(s).
Admission Procedure
Registration, admission and exemption forms are available at all centres and also on ICMAP’s website http://www.icmap.com.pk. Candidates must follow the instructions and ensure that the required information has been provided while filling in the forms. The items which are not applicable should be crossed (X). The candidates must state in the admission form whether enrolment is desired for the Coaching Classes, Correspondence Courses, or Internet Based Distance Learning Programme (IBDLP).
In case of coaching, it should be stated whether it is required in morning, afternoon or evening.
Students, who are interested to enrol themselves in correspondence course, Internet Based Distance Learning Programme (IBDLP) and coaching for different subjects, are required to tick in appropriate box in the admission form.
Students should fill in the Exemption Form, in case they want to apply for exemption.
Documents to be Provided
Following documents are to be attached along with the admission form:
Photocopies of educational certificates and degrees from matric to graduation and post- graduation.
Photocopy of Computerized National Identity Card.
Four recent passport size photographs.
Copies of marks sheets of the examinations based on which exemption(s) is/are sought.
Students are required to produce the original documents to the office of the Institute for attestation of copies thereof.
Candidates seeking admission in correspondence course or Internet Based Distance Learning Programme (IBDLP) should send the prescribed forms along with copies of documents (attested by the officer in-charge of the nearest office of the Institute), to the nearest centre offering the facility. Currently, Correspondence Course offered at Karachi, Lahore, Islamabad and Internet Based Distance Learning Programme (IBDLP) are being offered at Karachi, Lahore, Islamabad, Multan and Faisalabad centres only. Overseas candidates should send copies attested by the Pakistani Embassy to the Institute’s Head Office, Karachi centre. In addition to the above, they should provide copies of passport, visa/aqamah and employment certificate.
The foreign students are required to obtain N.O.C. from Government of Pakistan before applying for in the Institute.
Admission on Paper to Paper Basis
As a policy, ICMAP encourages students to complete all the six (6) Stages in their logical sequential order. However, students are allowed to take admission and examinations on paper to paper basis in the Syllabus.
The same policy is applicable for the existing students of ICMAP. Due to restructuring of the syllabus, some of the courses for the existing students have been moved to other Stages. These lower Stages, with rearranged subjects in them, will not be counted towards maximum number of Stages allowed to the students for admission and examination.
Provisional Admission
A candidate who has appeared in the final examination of a Bachelor Degree and is waiting for the examination results. Such candidate will be granted a provisional admission. However, registration will be granted only when he/she passes the Degree examination.
Transfers
From one shift to another:
The Institute allows transfer of students in the same academic session from the morning to the evening shift and vice versa, provided the seats are available in the classes.
From one centre to another:
It is possible for a coaching student to be transferred from one coaching centre to another, due to change of residence or employment, during the course of an academic term. Such a student is required to obtain the following certificates from his original coaching centre:
Attendance Certificate.
Certificate showing the payment of Annual Subscription and all other dues.
Clearance from library.
From Coaching to Correspondence Course/ Internet Based Distance Learning Programme (IBDLP):
A student who is enrolled for the coaching classes can be transferred to the Internet Based Distance Learning Program (IBDLP) or correspondence course. The student must complete eligibility requirement to appear in the Examination as prescribed.
This facility can be availed within one month of the commencement of Coaching Classes on payment of 50% tuition fee. The student will have to pay 100% tuition fee, if he/she decides to change to the Correspondence Courses or Internet Based Distance Learning Programme (IBDLP) on the expiry of one month after the commencement of Coaching Classes.
From Correspondence Course / Internet Based Distance learning Programme (IBDLP) to admission Coaching Classes:
A Correspondence Course or Internet Based Distance Learning Programme (IBDLP) student can be transferred to the Coaching Classes on payment of 50% tuition fee within one month’s time from enrolment in Correspondence Course or Internet Based Distance Learning Programme (IBDLP), and on payment of 100% tuition fee after one month s time from enrolment in Correspondence Course or Internet Based Distance Learning Programme (IBDLP). The facility is subject to availability of capacity in coaching classes. He/she will have to complete 75% attendance in all subjects.
Registration
To register as a student of the Institute, a candidate:
Should have passed the Bachelor Degree examination of any University or degree- awarding institute recognised by Higher Education Commission, Government of Pakistan or CAM (Certificate in Accounting & Management) from ICMAP.
Should have attained 18 years of age on the date of application.
Should have paid the prescribed Registration Fee.
Should have paid the prescribed Annual Subscription.
A registration card is issued then to each registered student of the Institute
Cancellation and Suspension of Registration
A student of the Institute deemed to be guilty of misconduct, will face cancellation/suspension of registration, if he/she:
fails to comply with the rules and regulations of the Institute;
fails to supply correct information to the Institute;
fails to comply with any of the directives issued by the management of the Institute; involves himself/herself in such activities which cause damage to the image of the Institute;
uses unfair means in an examination;
is found indulged in any under-hand dealing with any official or officials of the Institute.
In the event of any misconduct or breach of any regulation by a registered student, the Council may, if it is satisfied after such investigation as it may deem necessary and after giving an opportunity of being heard, suspend or cancel the registration of the student.
Registration of a student shall be cancelled and all fees paid shall be forfeited if educational documents are found fake at any later stage.
Registration of a student, who does not pay the annual subscription within six months from the date it falls due, i.e. 1st July of every year, is liable to be cancelled but can be restored on payment of prescribed registration restoration fee
CMA NEW Policy 2012 ICMAP
New CMA syllabus ICMAP 2012
Following is new schedule and plan for future of CMA in Pakistan under ICMAP.
2012 admission in C.M.A. I.C.M.A.P. new fall details and fee structure
admission in cma for 2012 dates details
2012 admission in C.M.A. I.C.M.A.P. new fall details and fee structure
2012 admission in C.M.A. I.C.M.A.P. new fall details and fee structure
admission in cma 2012 fee structure
Cma Stage 2 Material
Download I.T, Computer Fundamentals Office Practices For Practicals
click here to download
Download Cost and Management Stage 2 MCQ’s Complete Book by SIR ABDUL SHAKOOR FCMA
Download free Date-sheet August 2012 spring CMA ICMAP Stage 1, Stage 2, Stage 3, Stage 4, Stage 5, Stage 6
Principles of Marketing by Philip Kotler
With Complete Chapter Details
Here are some value able slides for students of marketing.
Detailed topics discussion and valuable material.
IT NOTES COMPUTER NOTES ICMAP CMA
Computer Fundamentals – P.K Sinha (Lecture Notes)Auther: P.K Sinha
Paperback: 404 pages
Publisher: BPB Publications
Date: (November 30, 2004)
ISBN-10: 8176567523
ISBN-13: 978-8176567527
Description Of The Book:
This is the third edition of the widely popular Computer Fundamentals book. It has been thoughtfully structured to introduce the readers to all the important concepts of computers and information technology through a single book. Complete with numerousillustrations and examples, chapter summaries, end-of-chapterquestions, and a glossary of important terms, Computer Fundamentals is designed to serve as an ideal textbook for various introductory courses offered in Computer Science, Information Technology, and other related areas.Readers will find sufficient coverage of all major topics in the field, including: Characteristics,Generations,Classification, and Basic Organization of computers.Number systems, Computer codes,Binary arithmetic, Boolean algebra, and Logic circuits.Internal structure and functioning of CPU, Memory, Secondary storage devices, and I/0 devices.Computer Software, its various types with examples, and the commonly used tools and techniques for planning, development, implementation and operation ofsoftware systems.Computer languages, Operating Systems, Data Communications & computer networks,and Database technologies.The Internet, Multimedia computing systems and their applications, and many more…
Table of contents:
Chapter 1 Introduction
Chapter 2 Basic computer organization
Chapter 3 Number systems
Chapter 4 Computer codes
Chapter 5 Computer arithmetic
Chapter 6 Boolean algebra and logic circuits
Chapter 7 Processor and memory
Chapter 8 Secondary storage devices
Chapter 9 Input-output devices
Chapter 10 Computer software
Chapter 11 Planning the computer program
Chapter 12 Computer languages
Chapter 13 Systems implementation and operation
Chapter 14 Operating systems
Chapter 15 Application software packages
Chapter 16 Business data processing
Chapter 17 Data communication and computer networks
Chapter 18 The Internet
Chapter 19 Multimedia
Chapter 20 Classification of computers
Chapter 21 Introduction to c programming language
Test Marketing
Test Marketing
- Many companies have created a ________ position to put marketing on a more equal footing with other C-level executives.
- CEO b. CMO c. CFO d. MCO e. MEO
- Which of the following is NOT a major decision made by marketing managers?
- features to design into a new product
- prices to offer customers
- packaging decisions competitors should make
- where to sell the product
- how much to spend on advertising or sales
- The marketing of Walt Disney’s Magic Kingdom is a good example of ________ marketing.
- Experience b. Goods c. Person d. Service e. Event
- What percent of the U.S. economy consists of services (vs. goods)?
- 10% b. 90% c. 30% d. 50% e.70%
- ________ are wants for specific products backed by an ability to pay.
- Demands b. Needs c. Wants d. Desires e. Offerings
- To reach a target market the marketer uses various marketing channels. Which of the following choices is NOT one of the channels discussed in the text?
- communications channel
- distribution channel
- service channel
- internet channel
- all of the above are valid marketing channels
- Building mutually satisfying long-term relations with key parties in order to earn and retain their business is called ________.
- holistic marketing
- relationship marketing
- network marketing
- internal marketing
- alternative marketing
- Which of the following is NOT one of marketing’s “four P’s”?
- Product b. Price c. Performance d. Place
e. Promotion
- Internal marketing is the task of ________.
- satisfying consumer wants profitably
- incorporating the societal concerns of the external environment into the company’s internal environment
- hiring, training, and motivating able employees who want to serve customers well
- ensuring the internal profitability of the company
- promoting the company values to its employees
- According to the textbook, the societal marketing concept holds that the organization’s task is to ________.
- leave this world a better place than we found it
- to develop lasting relationships with customers
- build profitability into marketing practices
- deliver the desired satisfactions in a way that preserves or enhances the consumer’s and society’s well being
- hire ex-cons
- Marketing is more “art” than “science.”
- True b.False
- Marketing deals with identifying and meeting human and social needs.
- True b.False
- Marketing management is the art and science of choosing target markets and getting, keeping and growing customers through creating, delivering and communicating superior customer value.
- True b.False
- Many market offerings consist of a mix of goods and services.
- True b.False
- A prospect is someone seeking a response from another party, called the marketer.
- True b.False
- Wants are basic human requirements.
- True b.False
- Value reflects the perceived tangible and intangible benefits and costs to customers.
- True b.False
- The product concept holds that consumers will prefer products that are widely available and inexpensive.
- True b.False
- The marketing concept holds that the key to achieving organizational goals consists of a company being more effective than competitors in creating, delivering and communicating superior customer value to its chosen target markets.
- True b.False
- The societal marketing concept calls upon marketers to build social and ethical considerations into their marketing practices.
- True b.False
- In _____ marketing, the seller engages in the production, distribution, and promotion of one product for all buyers.
- Segment b. Target c. Micro d. Mass
e. Standard
- A _____ is a more narrowly defined customer group seeking a distinctive mix of benefits.
a. Segment b. Sub segment c. Local area d. Subgroup
e Niche
- _____ marketing reflects a growing trend called grassroots marketing.
a. Local b. Niche c. Target d. Segment e. Micromarketing
- _____ combines operationally driven mass customization with customized marketing in a way that empowers consumers to design the product and service offering of their choice.
a. Micromarketing b. Mass marketing c. Customerization
d Niche marketing e. Grassroots marketing
- _____ segmentation calls for dividing the market into groups based on age, family, size, family life cycle, gender, income, etc.
a. Geographic
b. Demographic
c. Psychographic
d. Behavioral
e. Intuitive
- In _____ segmentation, buyers are divided into groups on the basis of their knowledge of, attitude toward, use of, or response to a product.
a. Geographic
b. Demographic
c. Psychographic
d. Behavioral
e. Intuitive
- A _____ is a set of segments sharing some exploitable similarity.
a. Macro segment b. Super segment c. Conglomerate
d selective segment e. mass segment
- In _____ specialization a firm selects a number of segments, each objectively attractive and appropriate.
a. Market b. Selective c. Product d. Full market
e. Differentiated
- With ________ the firms makes a certain product that it sells to several different market segments.
a. market specialization
b. position specialization
c. Product specialization
d. Counter specialization
e. differentiated specialization
- A company uses _____ invasion plans to enter one segment at a time.
a. segment-by-segment
b. counter segmentation
c. mega marketing
d. micro segment
e. target marketing
- Some companies claim that mass marketing is dying and are turning to micromarketing.
a. True b. False
- A target market consists of a group of customers who share a similar set of needs and wants.
a. True b.False
- Homogeneous preferences show a market with distinct preference clusters called natural market segments.
a. True b. False
- The ultimate level of segmentation leads to “segments of one.”
a. True b. False
- Psychographics is the science of using psychology and demographics to better understand consumers.
a. True b.False
- The VALS technique bases segments on consumer motivation and consumer resources.
a. True b.False
- In differentiated marketing, the firm operates in several market segments and designs the same product for each segment.
a. True b.False
- Mega marketing is the strategic coordination of economic, psychological, political, and public relations skills to gain the cooperation of a number of parties in order to enter or operate in a given market.
a. True b.False
- Socially responsible marketing calls for targeting that serves not only the company’s interests, but also the interests of those targeted.
a. True b.False
- The cereal industry has been heavily criticized for marketing efforts directed towards children.
a. True b.False
- At the second level of the customer value hierarchy, the marketer has to turn the _____ into a(n) _____.
- basic product; expected product
- expected product; augmented product
- core benefit; basic product
- basic need; basic product
- basic need; core benefit
- At the third level of the customer value hierarchy, the marketer prepares a(n) _____, a set of attributes and conditions buyers normally expect when they purchase this product.
a. potential product
b. expected product
c. augmented product
d. basic product
e. anticipated product
- A(n) _____ product exceeds customer expectations.
- Strategic b. Superior c. Augmented d. Anticipated
e Potential
- _____ goods are purchased without any planning or search effort.
- Staple b. Impulse c. Unsought d. Emergency
e. Non-durable
- _____ is the totality of features that affect how a product looks and functions in terms of customer requirements.
- Style b. Durability c. Conformance quality d. Design
e. Performance quality
- _____ refers to how well the product or service is brought to the customer.
- Performance quality b. Conformance quality
c Delivery d. Design e. Service differentiation
- Some products that require the use of other products are called _____ products.
- Optional b. Required c. Complementary
d. Coordinated e. Captive
- When a service firm requires both a fixed fee plus a variable usage fee, this is called _____.
- Variable pricing b. Optional pricing c. Captive pricing
d. Two-part pricing e. Bundled pricing
- _____ is defined as all activities of designing and producing the container for a product.
- Designing b. Packaging c. Containerizing
d. Shipping e. Marketing
- The _____ identifies the product or brand.
- Container b. Label c. Advertisement
d. Warranty e. Package
- A product is anything that can be offered to a market to satisfy a want or need.
- True b.False
- The fundamental level of the customer value hierarchy is the basic product.
- True b.False
- Unknown goods are those the consumer does not know about or does not normally think of buying.
- True b.False
- Capital items include two groups: installations and equipment.
- True b.False
- Performance quality is the level at which the product’s primary characteristics operate.
- True b.False
- Reliability is a measure of the product’s expected operating life under natural or stressful conditions.
- True b.False
- Line stretching occurs when a company lengthens its product line beyond its current range.
- True b.False
- Line filling refers to lengthening a product line by adding more items within the present range.
- True b. False
- In mixed bundling the seller offers goods both individually and in bundles.
- True b.False
- Co-branding and brand bundling refer to the same thing.
- True b.False
- Which of the following is not a distinct characteristic of services?
a. Intangibility b. Inseparability c. Variability
d. Perishability e. Tangibility
- Services are typically produced and consumed simultaneously. This is an example of the _____ characteristic of services.
- Intangibility b. Inseparability c. Variability
d. Perishability e. Simultaneously
- Services cannot be stored. This describes the _____ characteristic of services.
- Intangibility b. Variability c. Inseparability
d. Inconsistency e. Perishability
- _____ describes employees’ skills in serving the client.
- Internal marketing
- External marketing
- Relationship marketing
- Interactive marketing
- Communication marketing
- SSTS refers to _____.
- service standards testing
- self-service technologies
- standard service technologies
- self-service treatments
- superior service technologies
- Top firms audit service performance by collecting _____ measurements to probe customer satisfiers and dissatisfiers.
- Customer satisfier
- customer complaint
- voice of the customer
- psychological
- atmosphere
- The services a customer expects are called the _____ service package.
- Expected b. Augmented c. Primary
d. Secondary e. Perceived
- Added features to an offering are called _____ service features.
- Expected b. Augmented c. Primary
d. Secondary e. Perceived
- The intangibility of services has implications for the choice of _____.
- Brand element b. Location c. Price
d. Product features e. Channels of distribution
- _____ cost refers to the product’s purchase cost plus the discounted cost of maintenance and repair less the discounted salvage value.
- Total b. Variable c. Life cycle d. Net
e. Out-of-pocket
- A service is any act or performance that one party can offer to another that is essentially intangible and does not result in the ownership of anything.
- True b.False
- Increasingly, manufacturers are provided value-added services.
- True b.False
- Internal marketing describes the normal work of preparing, pricing, distributing and promoting services to customers.
- True b.False
- Internal marketing describes training and motivating employees to serve customers well.
- True b.False
- If expected service falls below perceived service, customers are disappointed.
- True b.False
- A service company can differentiate itself on three levels: reliability, resilience, and innovativeness.
- True b.False
- The importance performance analysis is divided into five sections according to important service elements performance and desired levels.
- True b.False
- Getting employees to perform extra-role
- True b. False
- Positive employee attitudes promote stronger customer loyalty.
- True b. False
- Companies should encourage dissatisfied customers to complain.
- True b. False
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Detailed topics discussion and valuable material.
IT NOTES COMPUTER NOTES ICMAP CMA
Computer Fundamentals – P.K Sinha (Lecture Notes)Auther: P.K Sinha
Paperback: 404 pages
Publisher: BPB Publications
Date: (November 30, 2004)
ISBN-10: 8176567523
ISBN-13: 978-8176567527
Description Of The Book:
This is the third edition of the widely popular Computer Fundamentals book. It has been thoughtfully structured to introduce the readers to all the important concepts of computers and information technology through a single book. Complete with numerousillustrations and examples, chapter summaries, end-of-chapterquestions, and a glossary of important terms, Computer Fundamentals is designed to serve as an ideal textbook for various introductory courses offered in Computer Science, Information Technology, and other related areas.Readers will find sufficient coverage of all major topics in the field, including: Characteristics,Generations,Classification, and Basic Organization of computers.Number systems, Computer codes,Binary arithmetic, Boolean algebra, and Logic circuits.Internal structure and functioning of CPU, Memory, Secondary storage devices, and I/0 devices.Computer Software, its various types with examples, and the commonly used tools and techniques for planning, development, implementation and operation ofsoftware systems.Computer languages, Operating Systems, Data Communications & computer networks,and Database technologies.The Internet, Multimedia computing systems and their applications, and many more…
Table of contents:
Chapter 1 Introduction
Chapter 2 Basic computer organization
Chapter 3 Number systems
Chapter 4 Computer codes
Chapter 5 Computer arithmetic
Chapter 6 Boolean algebra and logic circuits
Chapter 7 Processor and memory
Chapter 8 Secondary storage devices
Chapter 9 Input-output devices
Chapter 10 Computer software
Chapter 11 Planning the computer program
Chapter 12 Computer languages
Chapter 13 Systems implementation and operation
Chapter 14 Operating systems
Chapter 15 Application software packages
Chapter 16 Business data processing
Chapter 17 Data communication and computer networks
Chapter 18 The Internet
Chapter 19 Multimedia
Chapter 20 Classification of computers
Chapter 21 Introduction to c programming language
MANAGEMENT MCQS AND TRUE\FALS
MANAGEMENT MCQS AND TRUE\FALS
Multiple Choice
1. The department in charge of recording all financial activity is the __________ department.
a) human resources
b) accounting
c) marketing
d) production
Answer: B
Difficulty level: Easy
Page: 302
Response: Accounting departments record all financial activity from billing customers to paying employees.
2. Which department actually creates the finished goods?
a) marketing
b) research
c) human resources
d) production
Answer: D
Difficulty level: Easy
Page: 304
Response: The production department actually creates finished goods and services using raw materials and personnel.
3. The __________ department handles all aspects of promotion.
a) research
b) marketing
c) production
d) accounting
Answer: B
Difficulty level: Easy
Page: 304
Response: The marketing department plans, prices, promotes, sells and distributes the organization’s goods and services.
4. This management level is responsible for monitoring the day-to-day events in an organization and taking any required corrective action.
a) supervisory
b) middle-managerial
c) stockholder
d) top-managerial
Answer: A
Difficulty level: Medium
Page: 304
Response: Supervisory management monitor the day-to-day events and takes corrective action.
5. This management level deal with control, planning and decision making.
a) supervisory
b) middle-managerial
c) stockholder
d) top-managerial
Answer: B
Difficulty level: Medium
Page: 304
Response: Middle management deal with control, planning, and decision making.
6. This management level is concerned with long-range planning for the organization.
a) supervisory
b) middle-managerial
c) stockholder
d) top-managerial
Answer: D
Difficulty level: Medium
Page: 304
Response: The top management level is concerned with the long-range planning for the organization.
7. Top managerial-level information flow is vertical, horizontal, and
a) diagonal
b) multidimensional
c) ethereal
d) external
Answer: D
Difficulty level: Medium
Page: 305
Response: Top managerial-level information flow is vertical, horizontal, and external in focus.
8. This level of management require summarized information in capsule form to reveal the overall condition of the business.
a) top management
b) middle management
c) supervisors
d) stockholders
Answer: A
Difficulty level: Medium
Page: 306
Response: Top-level management need information that is summarized in capsule form to reveal the overall condition of the business.
9. This level of management need access to information from outside the organization.
a) top management
b) middle management
c) supervisors
d) stockholders
Answer: A
Difficulty level: Medium
Page: 306
Response: Top-level management need information from outside the organization because they need to forecast and plan for long range events.
10. This level of management need summarized information such as weekly or monthly reports.
a) top management
b) middle management
c) supervisors
d) stockholders
Answer: A
Difficulty level: Medium
Page: 306
Response: Top-level management need summarized information.
11. These systems (__________) record day-to-day transactions such as customer orders, bills, inventory levels, and production output.
a) TPS
b) MIS
c) DSS
d) ESS
Answer: A
Difficulty level: Medium
Page: 307
Response: TPS record day-to-day transactions such as these.
12. These systems (__________) summarize the detailed data of the transaction processing systems in standard reports for middle-level managers.
a) CSS
b) MIS
c) DSS
d) ESS
Answer: B
Difficulty level: Medium
Page: 307
Response: MIS summarize the detailed data of the TPS in standard reports for middle-level managers.
13. Management Information Systems are used by
a) employee-level workers
b) middle management
c) supervisor-level management
d) top-level management
Answer: B
Difficulty level: Medium
Page: 307
Response: MIS are used by middle management.
14. These systems (__________) present information in a very highly summarized form.
a) TPS
b) MIS
c) DSS
d) ESS
Answer: D
Difficulty level: Medium
Page: 307
Response: ESS present information in a very highly summarized form.
15. These systems (__________) help top-level managers oversee the company’s operations and develop strategic plans.
a) TPS
b) MIS
c) DSS
d) ESS
Answer: D
Difficulty level: Medium
Page: 307
Response: ESS help top-level managers oversee the company’s operations and develop strategic plans.
16. The __________ activity records the customer requests for goods or services.
a) payroll
b) sales order processing
c) inventory
d) general ledger
Answer: B
Difficulty level: Easy
Page: 308
Response: Sales order processing records the customer requests for the company’s products or services.
17. Money collected from or owed by customers is
a) accounts payable
b) inventory
c) accounts receivable
d) sales order processing
Answer: C
Difficulty level: Easy
Page: 308
Response: Accounts receivable records money received from or owed by customers.
18. The __________ control system keeps records of the number of each kind of part or finished good in the warehouse.
a) payroll
b) inventory
c) sales order processing
d) general ledger
Answer: B
Difficulty level: Medium
Page: 308
Response: Inventory control system keeps records of the number of each kind of part or finished good in the warehouse.
19. The buying of goods and services is referred to as
a) sales order processing
b) accounts receivable
c) inventory
d) purchasing
Answer: D
Difficulty level: Easy
Page: 308
Response: Purchasing relates to the buying of goods and services.
20. The money that the company owes for goods or services is handled by
a) accounts receivable
b) inventory
c) sales order processing
d) accounts payable
Answer: D
Difficulty level: Medium
Page: 308
Response: Accounts payable refers to money the company owes its suppliers for materials and services it has received.
21. The __________ activity is concerned with calculating employees’ paychecks.
a) payroll
b) general ledger
c) accounts payable
d) sales order processing
Answer: A
Difficulty level: Easy
Page: 308
Response: Payroll is concerned with calculating employee paychecks.
22. The __________ is the summary of all foregoing transactions.
a) inventory
b) general ledger
c) sales order processing
d) accounts payable
Answer: B
Difficulty level: Easy
Page: 309
Response: General ledger keeps track of all summaries of all the foregoing transactions.
23. The __________ shows a company’s financial performance.
a) general ledger
b) balance sheet
c) income statement
d) statement of cash flows
Answer: C
Difficulty level: Medium
Page: 308
Response: The income statement shows the company’s financial performance.
24. The overall financial condition of the organization is listed in the
a) income statement
b) profit and loss statement
c) balance sheet
d) statement of cash flows
Answer: C
Difficulty level: Medium
Page: 309
Response: The balance sheet lists the overall financial condition of an organization.
25. Management information systems produce reports that are
a) predetermined
b) encrypted
c) graphically simplified
d) dynamic
Answer: A
Difficulty level: Medium
Page: 310
Response: MIS produce reports that are predetermined.
26. __________ reports are produced at regular intervals.
a) Management
b) Periodic
c) Exception
d) Demand
Answer: B
Difficulty level: Medium
Page: 310
Response: Periodic reports are produced at regular intervals – weekly, monthly, or quarterly.
27. When sales reports are combined into monthly reports for the regional sales manager, they are said to be
a) management reports
b) periodic reports
c) exception reports
d) demand reports
Answer: B
Difficulty level: Medium
Page: 310
Response: This type of report is an example of a periodic report.
28. A sales report that shows that certain items are selling significantly above or below marketing department forecasts is an example of this type of report.
a) periodic
b) demand
c) inventory
d) exception
Answer: D
Difficulty level: Medium
Page: 310
Response: Exception reports call attention to unusual events.
29. These types of systems would most likely be used to assist a manager in getting answers to unexpected and generally nonrecurring kinds of problems.
a) TPS
b) MIS
c) DSS
d) ESS
Answer: C
Difficulty level: Medium
Page: 310
Response: DSS enable managers to get information in these situations.
30. Which of the following refers to a decision-making support system for teams?
a) TPS
b) GDSS
c) ESS
d) MIS
Answer: B
Difficulty level: Medium
Page: 310
Response: GDSS are used to support collective work.
31. In a GDSS, the __________ is generally a decision-maker.
a) programmer
b) technician
c) user
d) client
Answer: C
Difficulty level: Medium
Page: 311
Response: The user is someone who has to make decisions – a manager, often a middle-level manager.
32. The basic information that makes up a GDSS is called the
a) system software
b) user
c) decision model
d) data
Answer: D
Difficulty level: Medium
Page: 311
Response: Data in the DSS make up a group decision support system.
33. Data from within the organization consist principally of transactions from the
a) TPS
b) MIS
c) ESS
d) accounts receivable
Answer: A
Difficulty level: Medium
Page: 311
Response: Internal data consist primarily of data from the TPS.
34. This management level control the work of the organization, such as financial planning and sales promotion planning.
a) strategic level managers
b) corporate stock holders
c) tactical level mangers
d) operational level managers
Answer: C
Difficulty level: Medium
Page: 311
Response: Tactical level managers are concerned with controlling the work of the organization, such as financial planning and sales promotion planning.
35. This management level are responsible for accomplishing the organization’s day-to-day activities.
a) strategic level managers
b) corporate stock holders
c) tactical level mangers
d) operational level managers
Answer: D
Difficulty level: Medium
Page: 311
Response: Operational managers accomplish the organization’s day-to-day activities.
36. Which component gives a GDSS its decision-making capabilities?
a) user
b) data
c) decision model
d) system software
Answer: C
Difficulty level: Medium
Page: 311
Response: Decision models give the DSS its analytical capabilities.
37. These systems permit a firm’s top executives to gain direct access to information about the company’s performance.
a) TPS
b) MIS
c) ESS
d) DSS
Answer: C
Difficulty level: Medium
Page: 313
Response: ESS permit a firm’s top executives to gain direct access to information about the company’s performance.
38. These systems often present summary information in graphical format.
a) TPS
b) DSS
c) MIS
d) ESS
Answer: D
Difficulty level: Medium
Page: 313
Response: ESS often display information in graphical form.
39. __________ workers distribute, communicate, and create information.
a) White collar
b) Data mine
c) Information
d) Organization
Answer: C
Difficulty level: Medium
Page: 313
Response: Information workers distribute, communicate, and create information.
40. Employees involved with the distribution and communication of information are called
a) managers
b) data workers
c) IT staff
d) knowledge workers
Answer: B
Difficulty level: Medium
Page: 313
Response: Data workers are involved with the distribution and communication of information.
41. Employees who create information are called
a) managers
b) data workers
c) IT staff
d) knowledge workers
Answer: D
Difficulty level: Medium
Page: 313
Response: Knowledge workers are involved with the creation of information.
42. __________ systems focus on managing documents, communicating, and scheduling.
a) Office automation
b) Transaction processing
c) Knowledge work
d) Executive support
Answer: A
Difficulty level: Medium
Page: 314
Response: OAS focus on managing documents, communicating, and scheduling.
43. These systems are computer systems that allow people located at various locations to communicate and have in-person meetings.
a) project managers
b) videoconferencing
c) telemarketing
d) data conferencing
Answer: B
Difficulty level: Medium
Page: 314
Response: Videoconferencing systems are computer systems that allow people located at various geographic locations to communicate and have in-person meetings.
44. Which of the following is an example of a knowledge work system?
a) project manager
b) Web server
c) Videoconferencing system
d) CAD/CAM
Answer: D
Difficulty level: Medium
Page: 314
Response: CAD/CAMs are examples of knowledge work systems.
45. CAD/CAM would be most useful in what industry?
a) motion picture
b) automobile manufacturing
c) food service
d) retail
Answer: B
Difficulty level: Medium
Page: 314
Response: CAD/CAM would be most useful in the automobile manufacturing industry.
True/False
46. The accounting department records all financial transactions.
Answer: True
Difficulty level: Easy
Page: 302
Response: Accounting departments record all financial activity from billing customers to paying employees.
47. The marketing department identifies, investigates, and develops new products and services.
Answer: False
Difficulty level: Easy
Page: 304
Response: The marketing department plans, prices, promotes, sells, and distributes the organization’s good and services.
48. The human resources department manages the hiring, firing, and training of a company’s personnel.
Answer: True
Difficulty level: Easy
Page: 304
Response: The HR department manages the people.
49. The research department handles all aspects of promotion.
Answer: False
Difficulty level: Easy
Page: 304
Response: The research department identifies, investigates, and develops new products and services.
50. The production department creates the finished goods.
Answer: True
Difficulty level: Easy
Page: 304
Response: The production department actually creates the finished goods and services.
51. Supervisor-level management deals with control, planning and decision making.
Answer: False
Difficulty level: Medium
Page: 304
Response: Supervisor-level managers manage and monitor the employees or workers who actually produce the goods and services.
52. Middle management monitor day-to-day operations.
Answer: False
Difficulty level: Easy
Page: 304
Response: Supervisors monitor day-to-day operations.
53. Top managerial-level information flow is predominately vertical.
Answer: False
Difficulty level: Medium
Page: 305
Response: Top managerial-level information flow is horizontal, vertical, and external.
54. Middle-managerial level information flow is both vertical and horizontal.
Answer: True
Difficulty level: Medium
Page: 305
Response: Middle-managerial level information flow is both vertical and horizontal.
55. The transaction processing system relies on information provided by the management information system.
Answer: False
Difficulty level: Medium
Page: 307
Response: TPS record the day-to-day transactions in the operation of the business.
56. The decision support system combines internal and external information to help analyze a wide range of problems.
Answer: True
Difficulty level: Medium
Page: 307
Response: DSS combine internal and external information to help analyze a wide range of problems.
57. A weekly production schedule is one report likely to be generated from a management information system.
Answer: True
Difficulty level: Medium
Page: 310
Response: A weekly production report is a periodic report that would be generated from a MIS system.
58. “ESS” stands for Executive Simplified Summary.
Answer: False
Difficulty level: Easy
Page: 312
Response: ESS is an acronym for executive support system.
59. Executive support systems are designed to be easy to use.
Answer: True
Difficulty level: Medium
Page: 312
Response: ESS are designed to be easily used by top-level managers.
60. The sales order processing activity records the customer requests for goods or services.
Answer: True
Difficulty level: Easy
Page: 308
Response: Sales order processing records the customer requests for the company’s products or services.
61. The accounts receivable activity records money received from or owed by customers.
Answer: True
Difficulty level: Easy
Page: 308
Response: Accounts receivable records money received from or owed by customers.
62. The parts and finished goods that a company has in stock are called surplus.
Answer: False
Difficulty level: Medium
Page: 308
Response: Parts or finished goods are called inventory.
63. Purchasing is the buying of materials and services.
Answer: True
Difficulty level: Easy
Page: 308
Response: Purchasing is the buying of materials and services.
64. Accounts payable is concerned with calculating employee paychecks.
Answer: False
Difficulty level: Easy
Page: 308
Response: Accounts payable refers to money the company owes its suppliers for materials and services it has received.
65. The general ledger refers to money the company owes.
Answer: False
Difficulty level: Easy
Page: 309
Response: The general ledger keeps track of all summaries of all the foregoing transactions.
66. Income statements show a company’s financial performance.
Answer: True
Difficulty level: Easy
Page: 309
Response: Income statements show a company’s financial performance.
67. A balance sheet is an example of a demand report.
Answer: False
Difficulty level: Easy
Page: 309
Response: Balance sheets list the overall financial condition of an organization.
68. A periodic report is created at set intervals.
Answer: True
Difficulty level: Easy
Page: 310
Response: Periodic reports are produced at regular intervals.
69. An exception report calls attention to unusual events.
Answer: True
Difficulty level: Easy
Page: 310
Response: An exception report calls attention to unusual events.
70. Team decisions can be facilitated by the use of a GDSS.
Answer: True
Difficulty level: Medium
Page: 310
Response: Group decision support systems (GDSS) facilitate team decisions.
71. In general, the user of a GDSS is some sort of decision maker.
Answer: True
Difficulty level: Medium
Page: 310
Response: In general, the user of a GDSS is taking some decision-making role.
72. The system software provides a GDSS with its decision-making capabilities.
Answer: False
Difficulty level: Medium
Page: 310
Response: In a GDSS the user has the decision-making capabilities.
73. The data component of a GDSS is stored in the system software.
Answer: False
Difficulty level: Hard
Page: 310
Response: The data component is stored in a database.
74. There are three basic decision models used in a GDSS: operational, strategic, and financial.
Answer: False
Difficulty level: Hard
Page: 311
Response: Decision models are strategic, tactical, and operational.
75. Top-level management are most concerned with strategic planning.
Answer: True
Difficulty level: Easy
Page: 311
Response: Top-level management are concerned with strategic planning for the organization.
76. The strategic decision model assists in long-range planning.
Answer: True
Difficulty level: Easy
Page: 311
Response: Strategic decision model certainly assists in long-range planning.
77. The operation decision model helps to accomplish the organization’s day-to-day activities.
Answer: True
Difficulty level: Easy
Page: 311
Response: Operation decision model helps the organization in day-to-day activities.
78. Employees who distribute, create, and communicate information are called e-workers.
Answer: False
Difficulty level: Easy
Page: 313
Response: Employees are known as knowledge workers.
79. Knowledge workers create information.
Answer: True
Difficulty level: Easy
Page: 313
Response: Knowledge workers are involved with the creation of information.
80. An office automation system consists of multifunctional robots.
Answer: False
Difficulty level: Easy
Page: 314
Response: Office automation systems consist of data workers.
81. Knowledge workers use specialized information systems called KWS to create information in their area of expertise.
Answer: True
Difficulty level: Hard
Page: 314
Response: Knowledge workers use KWS to create information in their area of expertise.
82. CAD/CAM systems allow people located at various locations to have “in-person” meetings.
Answer: False
Difficulty level: Easy
Page: 314
Response: Videoconferencing systems allow people located at various geographic locations to communicate and have in-person meetings.
83. CAD/CAM systems use powerful microcomputers running special programs that integrate the design and manufacturing activities.
Answer: True
Difficulty level: Easy
Page: 314
Response: CAD/CAM systems require powerful microcomputers running special programs that integrate design and manufacturing activities.
84. Videoconferencing systems allow people located at various locations to have “in-person” meetings.
Answer: True
Difficulty level: Easy
Page: 314
Response: Videoconferencing systems allow people located at various geographic locations to communicate and have in-person meetings.
85. CAD/CAM systems are widely used in the processing of perishable products.
Answer: False
Difficulty level: Easy
Page: 314
Response: CAD/CAM systems are widely used in manufacturing of automobiles and other products.
CMA ICMAP
SYLLABUS
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| CMA is a three years postgraduate certificate program in cost and management accounting. The course comprise of 6 stages and one year practical exposure. Two year Post Graduate Certification in Cost and Management Accounting will be awarded on completion of stage 4 and minimum of 6-month work experience. Final certificate will be awarded on completion of stage 6, a comprehensive examination and at least one year of experience and student can onward proceed to get associate ship (ACMA) after completion of membership requirements. |
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